Earthquakes+3

Standard: 1. Plate tectonics accounts for important features of Earth’s surface and major geologic events. As a basis for understanding this concept: a. Students know evidence of plate tectonics is derived from the fit of the continents; the location of earthquakes, volcanoes, and midocean ridges; and the distribution of fossils, rock types, and ancient climatic zones. d. Students know that earthquakes are sudden motions along breaks in the crust called faults and that volcanoes and fissures are locations where magma reaches the surface. e. Students know major geologic events, such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and mountain building, result from plate motions. f. Students know how to explain major features of California geology (including mountains, faults, volcanoes) in terms of plate tectonics. g. Students know how to determine the epicenter of an earthquake and know that the effects of an earthquake on any region vary, depending on the size of the earthquake, the distance of the region from the epicenter, the local geology, and the type of construction in the region.
 * Plate Tectonics and Earth’s Structure**

=**Seismic Waves**=

=**Itroduction**=

Hi my topic is earth quakes and I am going to tell you how earth quakes occur. I am going to tell of the seismic waves which waves that cause destruction. you will learn of p - waves, s - waves, and l- waves. You will learn what they do, which one is the fastest, which one comes first and last, and how destructive they are. You will also learn how you know what waves is causing damage and rumbles. = =

=Vocabulary= and are longitudinal waves**
 * P - WAVES: are waves that are first to arrive at the suface

waves**
 * S - WAVES: are waves that come second and are transverse

destructive**
 * L - WAVES: are a type of surface waves that are very

=How Earth Quakes occur= Earth quakes crack roads and shake down buildings so I am going to tell you how earth quakes occur.There are tectonic plates that move slowly. Rocks move along easily too but they can jam into a plate or both. Then later stress builds up and becomes so great the plates shudder and jolt in different positions causing earth quakes

=P - Waves= P - waves or primary waves are a kind of seismic wave. They move up and down causing a jolt or thud and when they hit the surface the ground cracks and crumples. P - waves are the fastest kind of seismic wave that travels 6 km/s ( 3.7 mi/s). since they are so fast they can travel through solid rock and liquids.

=S - Waves= S - waves or secondary waves occur after p - waves. s - waves are transverse waves which travels up and down and side to side.these waves are slower than p - waves and can only travel through solids. When s - waves occur they cause a strong side side to side motion.

=L - Waves= L - waves or love waves are a surface wave which travels across the earths surface. They travel the slowest and arrive after the s - waves. These waves are the most destructive because they cause a rolling motion that causes structures to fall and get damaged. As you know all seismic waves are very fast and destructive and I hope you had fun learning of all the seismic waves. =Conclusion= In these paragraphs you learned of all the seismic waves. How fast they go and all the motion and damage they cause.You also learned of how earth quakes occur and what order they come in. I hope you store this knowledge and tell everyone of it and get ready for they next earth quake that occurs.

By: Grace Fregoso